El mes pasado tuvimos la oportunidad de participar en el XVII Congreso Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad; que se llevó a cabo en las instalaciones del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica en San Carlos.

Roberto y Cindy, miembros del LIIT, participamos junto con colegas del grupo GeCoS como instructores del taller Sonidos de la Naturaleza: Estrategias para el aprendizaje con el uso de tecnología.

Desde el Laboratorio de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica y la Red de Gestión de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre y Salud (GeCoS), y con el apoyo del Laboratorio de Fabricación (FABLAB) de la red de Investigación UNED logramos desarrollar las actividades que utilizamos como parte del taller que brindamos en el congreso.

Durante el taller analizamos los conceptos básicos sobre sonidos y bioacústica, enfatizando los temas relacionados con contaminación acústica, efectos en la fauna silvestre y seres humanos, aparatos con materiales reciclables para explicar estos conceptos, uso de nuevas tecnologías y recursos abiertos disponibles para utilizar en el aula.

Realizamos 5 actividades acompañadas de su parte teórica:

Actividad 1: Conceptos básicos de manera interactiva

Utilizando materiales reciclables o de bajo costo pretendíamos brindar instrumentos y herramientas con las cuales fuera fácil explicar algunos conceptos relacionados al sonido, tales como la transmisión en el medio, la intensidad, ondas, vibraciones, etc.

Por ejemplo: utilizamos un tubo o botella la cual cortamos en ambos extremos y colocamos un trozo de globo en uno de sus extremos. Utilizando un pedazo de vidrio o de cd/dvd, lo pegamos en la parte superior del extremo donde colocamos el globo. Dirigimos un láser hacia el vidrio para proyectarlo a la pared, y al realizar sonidos por el otro extremo del tubo pudimos observar cómo las ondas de sonidos que son vibraciones se transmiten por la membrana (globo) tal como se realiza en nuestro oido. ¿Qué hicimos? Un OSCILOSCOPIO CASERO!

 

Actividad 2: Ejemplos de sonidos

Cada participante del taller mencionó un ejemplo de un sonido o algo que produjera un sonido, por ejemplo: la bocina de un carro, el maullido de un gato, el rozar del viento sobre la vegetación, etc. Nuestro objetivo era identificar qué proporción de sonidos provenían del medio natural y cuáles tenían un origen antropizado.sonidos

Tomada de http://clic.xtec.cat/db/act_es.jsp?id=1009

Actividad 3: Tecnología a nuestro alcance

En esta actividad quisimos mostrar una aplicación bastante accesible de un Arduino, específicamente la representación del concepto de Ecolocalización de una forma dinámica e interactiva. Utilizamos un sensor ultrasónico de proximidad y un piezo buzzer, conectados a un Arduino UNO. El buzzer emitía «bips» constantes de acuerdo a la distancia a la que se encontrara el obstáculo; a menor distancia, mayor frecuencia en los «bips» (el código se puede descargar aquí). Adicionalmente y con colaboración del FABLAB UNED, utilizamos las impresoras 3D para crear un murciélago.

 

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Actividad 4: Medición de ruido

Utilizando aplicaciones para el celular con el objetivo de realizar mediciones de ruido en los alrededores del sitio donde se daba el taller queríamos que los participantes, comprendieran los diferentes niveles a los que nos vemos expuestos día a día y además lograran comparar esos datos con algunos límites a nivel nacional e internacional con el objetivo que pueda luego ser aplicado en sus aulas con sus alumnos y que comprendan sobre estos niveles de ruido.

Imagen1

IMG_7779 IMG_7782

Actividad 5: Obteniendo materiales

Con esta actividad, pretendíamos brindar herramientas de acceso libre con las cuales se pudiera obtener material para utilizar durante el desarrollo de los temas que se relaciones con sonidos y bioacústica. Por ejemplo:

http://ibc.lynxeds.com/  requiere permiso escrito

http://www.xeno-canto.org/    uso abierto – indicar autor

http://macaulaylibrary.org/    requiere permiso escrito

http://www1.inecol.edu.mx/sonidos/menu.htm    requiere permiso escrito

http://amphibiaweb.org/lists/sound.shtml    requiere permiso escrito

En el taller participaron 22 personas, de las cuales 10 imparten lecciones en preescolar, 7 en primaria y 5 de ellas en secundaria. Esto fue un éxito en términos de audiencia porque nos permitió compartir dichos conocimientos con el público meta que habíamos visualizado.

 

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IMG_7774IMG_7790

IMG_7770

Pueden tener acceso a la presentación completa haciendo clic aquí.

El equipo de instructores estaba compuesto por Roberto Vargas (LIIT), Cindy Jiménez (LIIT), María Isabel Di Mare (red GeCoS) y Valerie Madrigal (estudiante de la UNA vinculada a investigación en la red GeCoS). En resumen, fue una gran experiencia de trabajo multidisciplinario para generar innovación en áreas cotidianas de la docencia.

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